The
Indian Legal System is
one of the oldest in the history of the world. It has changed and
evolved over the centuries to imbibe inferences from the legal
systems around the world. The Indian Legal System has the Constitution
of India as its fountainhead. Drawn mainly from the British
Legal System, the Indian legal system exhibits the Anglo-Saxon
character of judiciary.
Historical and Social Background
The legal scenario prior to
the advent of British colonization was a mix of Hindu and Muslim
laws. The Mughal period saw the Muslim law, Shariyat, co-existing with the Hindu law. The arrival and subsequent colonization
by the British in India gave India a new perspective to law.
This has prevailed since then and has been amended a number of times to lend itself to the current face of Indian judicial system.
The Indian law has always taken care of every religious sentiment and takes cognizance of the rituals followed by them.
The structure of Indian judicial system resembles a federal hierarchy. The Supreme Court of India is the apex body, followed by a host of High Courts for each of the states. Each High Court has numerous District Courts and tribunals under it, to carry out the administrative responsibilities of this vast and diverse nation.
The majority of India’s population resides in its villages and falls under the jurisdiction of Panchayats.
There are broadly two categories under which the Indian law operates:
- Indian Civil Law
- Criminal Law
Indian Civil Law takes cognizance of its multi-cultural population and imbibes the diverse religious sentiments. Location, religion and history play a role in judgments under the Indian Civil Law. The Criminal Law is however binding across religions and calls for a much stricter adjudication.
Despite the lack of consistent documental evidence, we have brought before you a structured and summarized review on the Indian Judiciary and its history, on the basis of careful research and a thorough understanding of the Constitution.
Get an insight into the Indian Legal System and know how it can work best for you.
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